First Letter Caps

[Sonny L. Black]

What is a short code to make the first letter of a word capital automatically.

[Jason McCarver]

Say you have the word "word" in a variable called Temp$

Temp$="word"

To make the first letter cap would be like this

MID$(Temp$,1,1)=UCASE$(LEFT$(Temp$,1))
or
MID$(Temp$,1,1)=UCASE$(MID$(Temp$,1,1))

HTH,
Jason

[Egbert Zijlema]

Or:

temp$ = UCASE$(LEFT$(temp$, 1)) + MID$(temp$, 2)

[This message has been edited by Egbert Zijlema (edited January 19, 2000).]

[Guest]

Mcase$ will do it:
 
MyWord$ = "lower case"
MyWord$ = Mcase$(MyWord$)
StdOut "MyWord$:" & MyWord$
 
Output: "Lower Case"

[Jason McCarver]

Ron,

You must be thinking of some other compiler, there is no MCase() function in the PB/DOS compilers.

Jason

[Matthew Berg]

You must be thinking of some other compiler, there is no MCase() function in the PB/DOS compilers

This is correct, the MCase$() function is available in the 32-bit PB/DLL and PB/CC compilers.

However, here is a PB/DOS function equivalent:

FUNCTION MCase( BYVAL sString AS STRING ) AS STRING
   DIM nPosition AS INTEGER
   DIM nWordBegin AS INTEGER
   DIM nWordEnd AS INTEGER
   DIM sMixedCase AS STRING
   DIM sWord AS STRING
 
   LET sMixedCase = sString
   LET nPosition = 1
   DO UNTIL nPosition > LEN( sMixedCase )
      LET nWordBegin = 0
      LET nWordEnd = 0
 
      'Find the start of a word
      DO WHILE INSTR( MID$( sMixedCase, nPosition, 1 ), ANY " ." ) > 0 AND nPosition <= LEN( sMixedCase )
         INCR nPosition
      LOOP
      IF nPosition <= LEN( sMixedCase ) THEN LET nWordBegin = nPosition
 
      'Find the end of the word
      DO
         INCR nPosition
      LOOP UNTIL INSTR( MID$( sMixedCase, nPosition, 1 ), ANY " ." ) > 0 OR nPosition > LEN( sMixedCase )
      IF nPosition <= LEN( sMixedCase ) THEN LET nWordEnd = nPosition - 1
 
      IF nWordBegin > 0 AND nWordEnd = 0 THEN LET nWordEnd = LEN( sMixedCase )
 
      IF nWordBegin > 0 AND nWordEnd > 0 THEN
         LET sWord = MID$( sMixedCase, nWordBegin, nWordEnd - nWordBegin + 1 )
         LET sWord = LCASE$( sWord )
         LET sWord = UCASE$( LEFT$( sWord, 1 ) ) + MID$( sWord, 2 )
         MID$( sMixedCase, nWordBegin, nWordEnd - nWordBegin + 1 ) = sWord
      END IF
   LOOP
 
   FUNCTION = sMixedCase
END FUNCTION

This function will not produce results entirely consistent with the PB/DLL / PB/CC MCase$() function, but it should be adequate for most purposes.

[Paul G. Penn]

Function for auto-capitalize

Try this.

[Mike Doty]

'Tested using PB/CC not DOS, please save work before running

FUNCTION PBMAIN () AS LONG
  PRINT Cap("test")
  s$ = "hello"
  PRINT cap(s$)
  WAITKEY$
END FUNCTION
FUNCTION Cap(sTemp AS STRING) AS STRING
  char& = PEEK(STRPTR(sTemp))
  IF char& > 96 AND char& < 123 THEN POKE STRPTR(sTemp), char&-32
  FUNCTION = sTemp
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Cap2(sTemp AS STRING) AS STRING
  char& = ASC(sTemp)
  IF Char& > 96 AND char& < 123 THEN ASC(sTemp,1) = char& -32
  FUNCTION = sTemp
END FUNCTION

[Paul G. Penn]

First letter of string or each word?

Obviously, my last post didn't come through properly. My routine was written back in PB/DOS 2.1 and ran until my current version of 3.00c. It automatically capitalizes the first letter of EVERY word (or what passes for it). If you just wanted the first letter of the string, then MID$ will work. If you wanted the first letter of every word, then my routine will do the job. Here it is again:

FUNCTION CapitalizeNextLetter$(EnteredKeystroke$, TempInputStringLength?)
STATIC CapitalizeLetter??
LOCAL IsNextLetterCapitalized??, IsItUppercase??, IsItLowercase??
LOCAL IsItALetter??, Logic1??
SELECT CASE ASC(EnteredKeystroke$)
   CASE 32?, 33?, 44?, 45?, 46?, 63?, 64? ' Word break characters
      IsItALetter??             = &H0000
      IsNextLetterCapitalized?? = &HFFFF
   CASE 65? TO 90?, 97? TO 122? ' "A" - "Z", "a" - "z"
      IsItALetter??             = &HFFFF
      IsNextLetterCapitalized?? = &H0000
      SELECT CASE ASC(EnteredKeystroke$)
         CASE 65? TO 90? ' Uppercase letters
            IsItUppercase?? = &HFFFF
            IsItLowercase?? = &H0000
         CASE 97? TO 122? ' Lowercase letters
            IsItUppercase?? = &H0000
            IsItLowercase?? = &HFFFF
      END SELECT
   CASE ELSE
      IsItALetter??             = &H0000
      IsNextLetterCapitalized?? = &H0000
END SELECT
Logic1?? = (TempInputStringLength? = 1? OR IsNextLetterCapitalized??)
IF Logic1?? AND NOT CapitalizeLetter?? THEN CapitalizeLetter?? = &HFFFF
IF IsItALetter?? THEN
   IF CapitalizeLetter?? THEN
      IF IsItLowercase?? THEN EnteredKeystroke$ = UCASE$(EnteredKeystroke$)
      CapitalizeLetter?? = &H0000
   ELSE
      IF IsItUppercase?? THEN EnteredKeystroke$ = LCASE$(EnteredKeystroke$)
   END IF
END IF
CapitalizeNextLetter$ = EnteredKeystroke$
END FUNCTION
FUNCTION CapitalizeString$(SourceString$)
LOCAL TempInputStringLength?, Result$, EnteredKeystroke$
IF LEN(SourceString$) > 0? THEN
   FOR TempInputStringLength? = 1? TO LEN(SourceString$)
      EnteredKeystroke$ = MID$(SourceString$, TempInputStringLength?, 1?)
      Result$ = Result$ + CapitalizeNextLetter$(EnteredKeystroke$, _
                                                TempInputStringLength?)
   NEXT TempInputStringLength?
ELSE
   TempInputStringLength? = 0?
   DO
      WHILE NOT INSTAT
      WEND
      EnteredKeystroke$ = INKEY$
      SELECT CASE EnteredKeystroke$
         CASE CHR$(&H08) ' backspace
            IF TempInputStringLength? > 0? THEN
               DECR TempInputStringLength?
               IF TempInputStringLength? > 0? THEN
                  Result$ = LEFT$(Result$, TempInputStringLength?)
               ELSE
                  Result$ = ""
               END IF
            END IF
         CASE > CHR$(&H1F) ' printable ASCII
            INCR TempInputStringLength?
            Result$ = Result$ + CapitalizeNextLetter$(EnteredKeystroke$, _
                                                      TempInputStringLength?)
      END SELECT
   LOOP UNTIL EnteredKeystroke$ = CHR$(&H0D)
END IF
CapitalizeString$ = Result$
END FUNCTION

There's actually two routines in here...passing a string or dynamically building the string. I hope this helps.

[Mike Doty]

'Not sure why every first word would be capitalized
'This would use less string manipulations.

FUNCTION PBMAIN () AS LONG
  ? CapAll("now is the time for all good men.")
  WAITKEY$
END FUNCTION
 
FUNCTION CapAll(sTemp AS STRING) AS STRING
  '97 to 122  only capitalize
  LOCAL SpacePosition      AS LONG
  LOCAL PositionAfterSpace AS LONG
  LOCAL Char               AS LONG
 
  char = ASC(sTemp)  'check first position of string
  IF char > 96 AND char < 123 THEN MID$(sTemp,1) = CHR$(char-32)
  DO
    SpacePosition = INSTR(SpacePosition+1,sTemp,CHR$(32))  'search for a space
    IF SpacePosition THEN
      PositionAfterSpace = SpacePosition + 1
      IF PositionAfterSpace <= LEN(sTemp) THEN     'examine character after space
        char =  ASC(MID$(sTemp,PositionAfterSpace,1))
        IF Char > 96 AND Char < 123 THEN
           MID$(sTemp,PositionAfterSpace,1) = CHR$(char-32)
        END IF
      END IF
    END IF
  LOOP WHILE SpacePosition
  FUNCTION = sTemp
END FUNCTION

[Paul G. Penn]

Reason for first letter of every word capitalized

I have written applications that keep track of my music collection, such as the track title, artist, album title, and so on. I tend to prefer that the first letter of every word is capitalized with these types of data. Of course you could write:

Var1$ = LCASE$(Var1$)
MID$(Var1$, 1, 1) = UCASE$(MID$(Var1$, 1, 1))

But my routines make it easier to auto-capitalize the first letters of all "words" in the string. Just thought I'd help.