Announcement

**Peter P Stephensen** · 24 Mar 2001, 11:17 AM

Use the CopyMemory-API. It is as fast as you can get it...

Regards
Peter

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**Semen Matusovski** · 24 Mar 2001, 11:26 AM

I liked a way "for dummies", which works with the same speed.

Code:

sub CpyMem(Destination As Dword, Source As Dword, Length As Long)     
   dim arrDest(Length-1) as byte at Destination    
   dim arrSour(Length-1) as byte at Source
   mat arrDest() = arrSour()
end sub

I don't name author, because it looks, that he refuses from own idea

Added later.
I compared three methods. On my PC (Win2000) Steve's sub works with the same speed as API.
MAT works good with big chunks only (>= 10-20 K).

Code:

   #Compile Exe
   #Dim All
   #Register None
   
   %L = 10000
   %k = 100000

   Declare Function MoveMemory Lib "KERNEL32.DLL" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (ByVal lpDest As Long, ByVal lpSource As Long, ByVal cbMove As Long) As Long


   Function MemCopyD(ByVal Source As Long, _
                           ByVal Dest As Long, _
                           ByVal ln As Long) As Long
  'Big mover, [ movsd ] BURP !
  'Written by Steve Hutchesson < [email protected] >
  '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  Local lnth As Long, _
        divd As Long, _
        rmdr As Long

  ! cmp ln, 4           ; if under 4 bytes long
  ! jl tail             ; jump to label tail
  ! mov eax, ln         ; copy length into eax
  ! push eax            ; place a copy of eax on the stack
  ! shr eax, 2          ; integer divide eax by 4
  ! shl eax, 2          ; multiply eax by 4 to get dividend
  ! mov divd, eax       ; copy it into variable
  ! mov ecx, divd       ; copy variable into ecx
  ! pop eax             ; retrieve length in eax off the stack
  ! sub eax, ecx        ; subtract dividend from length to get remainder
  ! mov rmdr, eax       ; copy remainder into variable
  ! cld                 ; copy bytes forward
  ! mov ecx, ln         ; put byte count in ecx
  ! shr ecx, 2          ; divide by 4 for DWORD data size
  ! mov esi, Source     ; copy source pointer into source index
  ! mov edi, Dest       ; copy dest pointer into destination index
  ! repnz movsd         ; repeat while not zero, move string DWORD
  ! mov ecx, rmdr       ; put remainder in ecx
  ! jmp over
tail:
  ! mov ecx, ln         ; set counter if less than 4 bytes in length
  ! mov esi, Source     ; copy source pointer into source index
  ! mov edi, Dest       ; copy dest pointer into destination index
over:
  ! repnz movsb         ; copy remaining BYTES from source to dest
  ! sub ln, ecx         ; calculate return value ( little use )

  Function = ln         ' return bytes copied
End Function

   Sub CpyMem(ByVal Destination As Dword, ByVal Source As Dword, ByVal Length As Long)
      ReDim bSource(0 : Length - 1) As Byte At Source
      ReDim bDestination(0 : Length - 1) As Byte At Destination
      Mat bDestination = bSource

   End Sub

   Function PbMain

      Dim s As Asciiz * %L
      Dim d As Asciiz * %L
      Dim t1 As Single, t2 As Single, i As Long

      s = "Test for CpyMem"


      t1 = Timer
      For i = 1 To %k
         MoveMemory VarPtr(d), VarPtr(s), %L
      Next
      t2 = Timer
      MsgBox Format$(t2 - t1, "#.### sec"),, "MoveMemory"

      t1 = Timer
      For i = 1 To %k
         CpyMem VarPtr(d), VarPtr(s), %L
      Next
      t2 = Timer
      MsgBox Format$(t2 - t1, "#.### sec"),, "MAT"

      t1 = Timer
      For i = 1 To %k
         MemCopyD VarPtr(d), VarPtr(s), %L
      Next
      t2 = Timer
      MsgBox Format$(t2 - t1, "#.### sec"),, "Steve"
      
      'If d <> s Then MsgBox "Oh" Else MsgBox "Ok"

   End Function

------------------
E-MAIL: [email protected]

[This message has been edited by Semen Matusovski (edited March 24, 2001).]

**Borje Hagsten** · 24 Mar 2001, 11:44 AM

Steve Hutchesson once posted this to the Windows Forum. Very fast.
All credits to Steve..

Code:

DECLARE FUNCTION MemCopyD(BYVAL Source AS LONG, _
                         BYVAL Dest AS LONG, _
                         BYVAL ln AS LONG) AS LONG
 
FUNCTION MemCopyD(BYVAL Source AS LONG, _
                           BYVAL Dest AS LONG, _
                           BYVAL ln AS LONG) AS LONG
  'Big mover, [ movsd ] BURP !
  'Written by Steve Hutchesson < [email protected] >
  '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  LOCAL lnth AS LONG, _
        divd AS LONG, _
        rmdr AS LONG
 
  ! cmp ln, 4           ; if under 4 bytes long
  ! jl tail             ; jump to label tail
  ! mov eax, ln         ; copy length into eax
  ! push eax            ; place a copy of eax on the stack
  ! shr eax, 2          ; integer divide eax by 4
  ! shl eax, 2          ; multiply eax by 4 to get dividend
  ! mov divd, eax       ; copy it into variable
  ! mov ecx, divd       ; copy variable into ecx
  ! pop eax             ; retrieve length in eax off the stack
  ! sub eax, ecx        ; subtract dividend from length to get remainder
  ! mov rmdr, eax       ; copy remainder into variable
  ! cld                 ; copy bytes forward
  ! mov ecx, ln         ; put byte count in ecx
  ! shr ecx, 2          ; divide by 4 for DWORD data size
  ! mov esi, Source     ; copy source pointer into source index
  ! mov edi, Dest       ; copy dest pointer into destination index
  ! repnz movsd         ; repeat while not zero, move string DWORD
  ! mov ecx, rmdr       ; put remainder in ecx
  ! jmp over
tail:
  ! mov ecx, ln         ; set counter if less than 4 bytes in length
  ! mov esi, Source     ; copy source pointer into source index
  ! mov edi, Dest       ; copy dest pointer into destination index
over:
  ! repnz movsb         ; copy remaining BYTES from source to dest
  ! sub ln, ecx         ; calculate return value ( little use )
 
  FUNCTION = ln         ' return bytes copied
END FUNCTION

------------------

**Steve Hutchesson** · 24 Mar 2001, 12:30 PM

Try this one, for all the variations I have tried to get a faster
algo, this one still beats the rest. I have tried 6 register versions,
8 MMX register versions and this one still outclocks them. The speed
limit on memory copy is apparently imposed by the actual speed of
memory but the REP MOVSD pair is very well optimised and it has
slightly less overhead.

Regards,

[email protected]

Code:

' ###########################################################################

FUNCTION MemCopyD(ByVal src as LONG, _
                  ByVal dst as LONG, _
                  ByVal ln as LONG) as LONG

    #REGISTER NONE

      ! cld

      ! mov esi, src
      ! mov edi, dst
      ! mov ecx, ln

      ! shr ecx, 2
      ! rep movsd

      ! mov ecx, ln
      ! and ecx, 3
      ! rep movsb

    FUNCTION = 0

END FUNCTION

' ###########################################################################

------------------

**Charles Dietz** · 24 Mar 2001, 06:49 PM

Semen,

What is mat? I found m(Move memory) documented in Win32.hlp.

m SourceAddr Length DestAddress

------------------

**Semen Matusovski** · 24 Mar 2001, 08:24 PM

Charles --
MAT is PB statement (operations with arrays). So, look PB.HLP.

------------------
E-MAIL: [email protected]

**Charles Dietz** · 25 Mar 2001, 10:05 AM

Thank you, Semen...

And to think that I spent so much of my working career doing matrix algebra
with Fortran, I shouldn't have forgotten the PB mat commands. Thanks again
for reminding me.

------------------

**Michael Mattias** · 25 Mar 2001, 12:22 PM

Fast, easy memory copy:

Code:

LET Y = X

MCM

**Tyrone W. Lee** · 25 Mar 2001, 01:45 PM

Gee..

Thanks guys.. that was more than I expected.. I'll see if I can make
use of these routines..

------------------
Explorations v3.0 RPG Development System
http://www.explore-rpg.com

**Peter Manders** · 26 Mar 2001, 08:16 AM

Steve,

there is one possible way to copy even faster that that, but I'm not sure if it'll work.

Maybe you can write down the code for this because I have no experience in programming the floating point processor:

It should be possible to copy 8 or 10 bytes at a time, copying FPU registers around. This might be faster, maybe you can adapt the movsd loop to test this?

I've made a movsd loop myself but made sure my buffers are at least 4 bytes too large, I just increment the loop counter and copy between 1 and 4 bytes too many, forget about movsb. Should be faster on small copies.

Peter.

------------------
[email protected]

[This message has been edited by Peter Manders (edited March 26, 2001).]

**Steve Hutchesson** · 26 Mar 2001, 01:57 PM

Peter,

Somewhere I have seen code for doing memory copy using floating point
instructions but they use the same registers as MMX so it does not seem
to be any advantage.

I can't lay my hands on the test piece at the moment but it is an unrolled
loop of this type,

Code:

    ! mov esi, src
    ! mov edi, dst

  mmSt:
    ! movq mm(0), [esi]
    ! movq mm(1), [esi + 8]
    ! movq mm(2), [esi + 16]
    ! movq mm(3), [esi + 24]
    ! movq mm(4), [esi + 32]
    ! movq mm(5), [esi + 40]
    ! movq mm(6), [esi + 48]
    ! movq mm(7), [esi + 56]

    ! movq [edi],      mm(0)
    ! movq [edi + 8],  mm(1)
    ! movq [edi + 16], mm(2)
    ! movq [edi + 24], mm(3)
    ! movq [edi + 32], mm(4)
    ! movq [edi + 40], mm(5)
    ! movq [edi + 48], mm(6)
    ! movq [edi + 56], mm(7)

This code below was my last attempt at improving on REP MOVSD, it is still
about 3 - 4 % slower than REP MOVSD and I tried this is after instruction
re-ordering to maximise its loop speed and it has no pairing problems and no
stalls.

From all of the technical data I have seen and from my own testing, REP MOVSD
is well optimised in the PII - PIII processor range but I have also run into
the technical data that the speed of the physical memory is the limiting factor
in memory copy and my testing appears to bear this out, all of the algorithms
I have tested come within about 5% of each other, even though the MMX version
should be a lot faster.

Regards,

[email protected]

Code:

  ; #########################################################################
  
  srCopy proc src :DWORD, dst :DWORD, ln :DWORD
  
      LOCAL cntr :DWORD
  
      push ebx
      push esi
      push edi
  
      mov esi, src
      mov edi, dst
  
      cmp ln, 16
      jb ShortLoop
  
      mov eax, ln
      shr eax, 4
      mov cntr, eax
  
    @@:
      mov eax, [esi]
      mov [edi], eax
      mov ebx, [esi+4]
      mov [edi+4], ebx
      mov ecx, [esi+8]
      mov [edi+8], ecx
      mov edx, [esi+12]
      mov [edi+12], edx
      add esi, 16
      add edi, 16
      dec cntr
      jnz @B
  
      and ln, 15
  
    ShortLoop:
      mov al, [esi]
      inc esi
      mov [edi], al
      inc edi
      dec ln
      jns ShortLoop
  
      pop edi
      pop esi
      pop ebx
  
      ret
  
  srCopy endp
  
  ; #########################################################################

hmmmm, smileys

[This message has been edited by Steve Hutchesson (edited March 26, 2001).]

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