Palette Laboratory

Semen,

there is a wish to include it's registration and WndProc into separate "INC" and to "forget".

If the problem is not to forget the palette messages inside the main dialog callback function, a solution can be to add a few "debug" lines of code. The situation is as follows:

There is a registered custon control
The control has its own callback function, which doesn't receives the palette messages.
To correctly respond to the palette messages, and to redraw the controls after each message, there should be a main dialog callback function. But you risk to forget to include it.

The solution could be to include a little code to check for the main dialog callback function. Assume the control callback includes the following code:

Code:

LOCAL a AS LONG
  a = 0
  SendMessage CBHNDL, %WM_USER + 123, VARPTR( a ), 123
  IF a <> 123 THEN
    MSGBOX "ERROR: CUSTOM CONTROL......."
  END IF

The main callback function should include the palette messages actions, and the following rows:

Code:

LOCAL a AS LONG PTR
  IF CBMSG = %WM_USER + 123 THEN
    a = CBWPARAM
    @a = CBLPARAM
  END IF

The value for 'a' after SendMessage will be set to 123 only if is there a main dialog callback function. Otherwise you will have an error message.

Your separate "INC" should contain the custom control code and a standard palette messages handler function. This function will be declared as a callback function for the dialogs - if you forget to decalre it, you'll get an error message. Very little and fast code.

Aldo

------------------

During the last weekend I wrote a Palette laboratory program (works both with PB/CC and PB/DLL). It helps to test all the possible strategies in implementing a palette driven program, when the screen is 256 colors. In the past I had some discussions on this topic (mostly with Semen) - The result was there are two main methods to work with palattes:

To realize the palette inside the Windows specific messages (my own method)
To realize the palette inside the WM_PAINT message (Semen's method - hope I haven't misunderstood his thought)

The code I wrote uses some Windows messages (the quotation marks identify Win32Api.hlp extracts):

WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE - "This message informs a window that it is about to receive the keyboard focus, giving the window the opportunity to realize its logical palette when it receives the focus"
WM_PALETTEISCHANGING - I couldn't understand this message usage, so I didn't include it into the laboratory
WM_PALETTECHANGED - "This message is sent to all top-level and overlapped windows after the window with the keyboard focus has realized its logical palette, thereby changing the system palette"
WM_DISPLAYCHANGE - "This message is sent to all windows when the display resolution has changed" (also it is sent when the bit-per-pixel has changed)
USER_palettechange - This message is posted by the program itself when it changes the palette colors
WM_PAINT - Well, we all know how this message works

My code also uses some API calls:

CreatePalette - "This function creates a logical color palette".
SelectPalette - "This function selects the specified logical palette into a device context". It requires the bForceBackground parameter, which can be %true or %false. I didn't understand which case requires the %true value.
UnrealizeObject - "This function resets a logical palette". This function seems to be ininfluent to the program, but sometimes its use make the program behaves bad (see later).
RealizePalette - "This function maps palette entries from the current logical palette to the system palette"
RedrawWindow - "This function updates the specified rectangle or region in a window's client area"

My laboratory program must be used on a 256 colors screen. It shows a grid with 128 rectangles, painted each with a different color. The colors are 128 values of red, green, blue or gray, depending on a listbox selection. If you run two (or more) instances of the program, each showing different colors, of course only the instance which has the focus will show all the correct colors. The other instances will show some incorrect colors - they will be highlighted via a cyan cross.

There are three checkbox groups: the first enables the specific Windows messages process; the second enables the API functions to be called inside each message processing; the third enables the APIs to be called inside the WM_PAINT message.

Two buttons reset all the checkboxes to the needed values for the two methods I mentioned: Full Messages Defaults (my method) and Simple Paint Defaults (Semen's method).

To fully test the methods, you must try (at least) the following:

Run more than one instance of the program, showing different colors, and show another palette driver window (i.e. MsPaint).
Change the screen resolution (8 bit to 24, 24 bit to 8). This test demonstrates why it is needed to process the WM_DISPLAYCHANGE message on my method.
Maximize a window (i.e. explorer), and put all the laboratory program windows on the top; then minimize the explorer window: the laboratory windows will be hidden and painted again on the same time. You will see the program sometimes behaves wrong if the UnrealizeObject call is enabled (bad colors on the non-foreground windows).

You will see both the methods are ok. The following is an abstract of my method:

Code:

  CASE %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE, %WM_PALETTECHANGED, %WM_DISPLAYCHANGE, %USER_palettechange
    hDc = GetWindowDc( hWnd )
    IF ( GetDeviceCaps( hDc, %RASTERCAPS ) AND %RC_PALETTE ) <> 0 THEN
      IF wMsg = %WM_PALETTECHANGED AND hWnd = wParam THEN
        EXIT SELECT                             ' avoid endless loop
      END IF
      SelectPalette hDc, hPalette, %false
      RealizePalette hDc
      IF wMsg = %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE THEN
        FUNCTION = %true                        ' the window realized its palette
      END IF
      RedrawWindow hWnd, BYVAL %null, BYVAL %null, %RDW_INVALIDATE OR %RDW_ALLCHILDREN
    END IF
    ReleaseDc hWnd, hDc
  CASE %WM_PAINT
    hDc  = BeginPaint( hWnd, ps )
    IF ( GetDeviceCaps( hDc, %RASTERCAPS ) AND %RC_PALETTE ) <> 0 THEN
      SelectPalette hDc, hPalette, %false
      ...
    END IF

while the following is an abstract of the Semen's method:

Code:

  CASE %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE, %WM_PALETTECHANGED, %USER_palettechange
    RedrawWindow hWnd, BYVAL %null, BYVAL %null, %RDW_INVALIDATE OR %RDW_ALLCHILDREN
  CASE %WM_PAINT
    hDc  = BeginPaint( hWnd, ps )
    IF ( GetDeviceCaps( hDc, %RASTERCAPS ) AND %RC_PALETTE ) <> 0 THEN
      SelectPalette hDc, hPalette, %false
      RealizePalette hDc
      ...
    END IF

If you look at it, the two methods are very similar. All what is needed is to select a palette into a device context, and to realize it. The difference between the two methods is on when to realize the palette. My method realizes it only when needed (I mean, when Windows sends its messages), while the Semen's method realizes it on every WM_PAINT message. Well, I think both methods work well; but I think my method is a little bit faster.

To conclude, I'll recall my unsolved quetions - they are unsolved even after a deep testing (I hope someone will post a reply):

The use of the WM_PALATTEISCHANGING message
The use of the UnrealizeObject function
The use of the bForceBackground parameter inside the SelectPalette function.

What follows is the complete laboratory program code. I'd like to get any comment, and to know if are there other methods I couldn't find. As Lance wrote some time ago, there are not too much palette gurus around...

Code:

#COMPILE  EXE
#REGISTER NONE
#INCLUDE "win32api.inc"
  
%USER_palettechange = %WM_USER + 1
  
GLOBAL flags AS STRING
$defaults1 = "1111......10011.....1000......"
$defaults2 = "1101......00001.....1001......"
  
' ----------------------------------------------- create palette 128 colors -------------
  
FUNCTION Palette( BYVAL n AS LONG ) AS LONG     ' 0 to 127: returns the color
                                                ' -1      : returns the palette handler
                                                ' -2 to -5: create a red/green/blue/gray palette
STATIC s AS STRING                              '           returns the palette handler
STATIC h AS LONG
LOCAL  i AS LONG
  
  IF n = -1 THEN
    FUNCTION = h
  
  ELSEIF n < -1 THEN
    IF h <> 0 THEN
      DeleteObject h
    END IF
  
    s = MKI$( 768 ) + MKI$( 128 )
    FOR i = 0 TO 127
      SELECT CASE n
      CASE -5
        s = s + CHR$( i * 2 + 1, 0, 0, 0 )
      CASE -4
        s = s + CHR$( 0, i * 2 + 1, 0, 0 )
      CASE -3
        s = s + CHR$( 0, 0, i * 2 + 1, 0 )
      CASE -2
        s = s + CHR$( i * 2 + 1, i * 2 + 1, i * 2 + 1, 0 )
      END SELECT
    NEXT i
    h = CreatePalette( BYVAL STRPTR( s ) )
    FUNCTION = h
  
  ELSEIF h <> 0 THEN
    FUNCTION = CVL( MID$( s, n * 4 + 5, 4 ) )
  END IF
  
END FUNCTION
  
' ----------------------------------------------- colors window callback function -------
  
FUNCTION CallbackColors( BYVAL hWnd   AS LONG, _
                         BYVAL wMsg   AS LONG, _
                         BYVAL wParam AS LONG, _
                         BYVAL lParam AS LONG) AS LONG
  
LOCAL  hDc  AS LONG
LOCAL  ps   AS PAINTSTRUCT
LOCAL  x    AS LONG
LOCAL  y    AS LONG
LOCAL  z    AS LONG
LOCAL  hPen AS LONG
LOCAL  hBr  AS LONG
  
  SELECT CASE wMsg
  
  CASE %WM_ERASEBKGND
    FUNCTION = %true
    EXIT FUNCTION
  
  CASE %WM_PAINT
    hDc  = BeginPaint( hWnd, ps )
    IF ( GetDeviceCaps( hDc, %RASTERCAPS ) AND %RC_PALETTE ) <> 0 THEN
      IF MID$( flags, 21, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        SelectPalette hDc, Palette( -1 ), %false
      ELSEIF MID$( flags, 22, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        SelectPalette hDc, Palette( -1 ), %true
      END IF
      IF MID$( flags, 23, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        UnrealizeObject Palette( -1 )
      END IF
      IF MID$( flags, 24, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        RealizePalette hDc
      END IF
    END IF
  
    hPen = SelectObject( hDc, GetStockObject( %BLACK_PEN ) )
    FOR y = 0 TO 15
      FOR x = 0 TO 7
        hBr = SelectObject( hDc, CreateSolidBrush( Palette( y * 8 + x ) OR &H02000000 ) )
        Rectangle hDc, x * 16, y * 16, x * 16 + 16, y * 16 + 16
        DeleteObject SelectObject( hDc, hBr )
      NEXT x
    NEXT y
  
    SelectObject hDc, CreatePen( %PS_SOLID, 0, RGB( 0, 255, 255 ) )
    FOR y = 0 TO 15
      FOR x = 0 TO 7
        IF Palette( y * 8 + x ) <> GetNearestColor( hDc, Palette( y * 8 + x ) OR &H02000000 ) THEN
          MoveToEx hDc, x * 16 +  1, y * 16 + 1, BYVAL %null
          LineTo   hDc, x * 16 + 14, y * 16 + 14
          MoveToEx hDc, x * 16 + 14, y * 16 + 1, BYVAL %null
          LineTo   hDc, x * 16 +  1, y * 16 + 14
        END IF
      NEXT x
    NEXT y
    DeleteObject SelectObject( hDc, hPen )
    EndPaint hWnd, ps
  
  END SELECT
  
  FUNCTION = DefWindowProc( hWnd, wMsg, wParam, lParam )
  
END FUNCTION
  
' ----------------------------------------------- callback function ---------------------
  
FUNCTION CallBackFunction( BYVAL hWnd   AS LONG, _
                           BYVAL wMsg   AS LONG, _
                           BYVAL wParam AS LONG, _
                           BYVAL lParam AS LONG) AS LONG
  
LOCAL  h   AS LONG
LOCAL  hDc AS LONG
LOCAL  cs  AS CREATESTRUCT PTR
LOCAL  s   AS STRING
LOCAL  i   AS LONG
  
  SELECT CASE wMsg
  
  CASE %WM_CREATE
    cs = lParam
    Palette -5
    flags = $defaults1
                                                ' colors window
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "colors", "", %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE, _
                        20, 20, 128, 256, hWnd, 0, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
  
                                                ' palette selection
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "listbox", "RED", %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %WS_BORDER OR %LBS_NOTIFY, _
                        360, 10, 150, 70, hWnd, 101, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
    FOR i = 1 TO 4
      s = PARSE$( "RED,GREEN,BLUE,GRAY", i )
      SendMessage h, %LB_ADDSTRING, 0, STRPTR( s )
    NEXT i
    SendMessage h, %LB_SETCURSEL, 0, 0
                                                ' refresh and default buttons
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "Button", "Refresh", _
                        %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_PUSHBUTTON, _
                        360, 80, 150, 25, hWnd, 102, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "Button", "Full Messages Defaults", _
                        %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_PUSHBUTTON, _
                        170, 260, 150, 25, hWnd, 103, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "Button", "Simple Paint Defaults", _
                        %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_PUSHBUTTON, _
                        360, 260, 150, 25, hWnd, 104, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
                                                ' palette messages processing
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "static", "Enabled Windows Messages :", _
                            %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE, _
                            170, 10, 160, 25, hWnd, %null, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
    s = "WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE,WM_PALETTECHANGED,WM_DISPLAYCHANGE,USER_palettechange"
    FOR i = 1 TO 4
      h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "button", PARSE$( s, i ), %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_CHECKBOX, _
                            170, 10 + i * 20, 160, 25, hWnd, 200 + i, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
      SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
      IF MID$( flags, i, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        SendMessage h, %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_CHECKED, 0
      END IF
    NEXT i
  
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "static", "", %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %SS_GRAYFRAME, _
                            170, 120, 340, 1, hWnd, %null, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
  
                                                ' actions on messages
    s = "SelectPalette( false ),SelectPalette( true ),UnrealizeObject,RealizePalette,RedrawWindow"
  
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "static", "Actions on Windows Messages :", _
                            %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE, _
                            170, 130, 160, 25, hWnd, %null, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
    FOR i = 1 TO 5
      h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "button", PARSE$( s, i ), %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_CHECKBOX, _
                            170, 130 + i * 20, 160, 25, hWnd, 210 + i, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
      SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
      IF MID$( flags, i + 10, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        SendMessage h, %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_CHECKED, 0
      END IF
    NEXT i
  
                                                ' actions on PAINT
    h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "static", "Actions on PAINT :", _
                            %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE, _
                            360, 130, 200, 25, hWnd, %null, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
    SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
  
    FOR i = 1 TO 4
      h = CreateWindowEx( 0, "button", PARSE$( s, i ), %WS_CHILD OR %WS_VISIBLE OR %BS_CHECKBOX, _
                            360, 130 + i * 20, 200, 25, hWnd, 220 + i, @cs.hInstance, BYVAL %null )
      SendMessage h, %WM_SETFONT, GetStockObject( %ANSI_VAR_FONT ), 0
      IF MID$( flags, i + 20, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        SendMessage h, %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_CHECKED, 0
      END IF
    NEXT i
  
  CASE %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE, %WM_PALETTECHANGED, %WM_DISPLAYCHANGE, %USER_palettechange
    IF wMsg = %WM_PALETTECHANGED AND hWnd = wParam THEN
      EXIT SELECT                               ' avoid endless loop
    END IF
    IF wMsg = %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE AND MID$( flags, 1, 1 ) = "1" OR _
       wMsg = %WM_PALETTECHANGED  AND MID$( flags, 2, 1 ) = "1" OR _
       wMsg = %WM_DISPLAYCHANGE   AND MID$( flags, 3, 1 ) = "1" OR _
       wMsg = %USER_palettechange AND MID$( flags, 4, 1 ) = "1" THEN
  
      hDc = GetWindowDc( hWnd )
      IF ( GetDeviceCaps( hDc, %RASTERCAPS ) AND %RC_PALETTE ) <> 0 THEN
        IF MID$( flags, 11, 1 ) = "1" THEN
          SelectPalette hDc, Palette( -1 ), %false
        ELSEIF MID$( flags, 12, 1 ) = "1" THEN
          SelectPalette hDc, Palette( -1 ), %true
        END IF
        IF MID$( flags, 13, 1 ) = "1" THEN
          UnrealizeObject Palette( -1 )
        END IF
        IF MID$( flags, 14, 1 ) = "1" THEN
          RealizePalette hDc
          IF wMsg = %WM_QUERYNEWPALETTE THEN
            FUNCTION = %true
          END IF
        END IF
      END IF
      ReleaseDc hWnd, hDc
      IF MID$( flags, 15, 1 ) = "1" THEN
        RedrawWindow hWnd, BYVAL %null, BYVAL %null, %RDW_INVALIDATE OR %RDW_ALLCHILDREN
      END IF
    END IF
  
  CASE %WM_COMMAND
    SELECT CASE HIWRD( wParam )
    CASE %LBN_SELCHANGE
      IF LOWRD( wParam ) = 101 THEN
        Palette SendMessage( lParam, %LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0 ) - 5
        SendMessage hWnd, %USER_palettechange, 0, 0
      END IF
    CASE %BN_CLICKED
      i = LOWRD( wParam )
      IF i = 102 THEN
        InvalidateRect hWnd, BYVAL %null, %null
      ELSEIF i = 103 OR i = 104 THEN
        IF i = 103 THEN
          flags = $defaults1
        ELSE
          flags = $defaults2
        END IF
        FOR i = 1 TO 30
          IF MID$( flags, i, 1 ) = "1" THEN
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, i + 200 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_CHECKED, 0
          ELSEIF MID$( flags, i, 1 ) = "0" THEN
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, i + 200 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
          END IF
        NEXT i
  
      ELSEIF i >= 201 AND i <= 230 THEN
        IF MID$( flags, i - 200, 1 ) = "1" THEN
          MID$( flags, i - 200, 1 ) = "0"
          SendMessage lParam, %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
        ELSE
          MID$( flags, i - 200, 1 ) = "1"
          SendMessage lParam, %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_CHECKED, 0
          IF i = 211 AND MID$( flags, 12, 1 ) = "1" THEN
            MID$( flags, 12, 1 ) = "0"
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, 212 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
          ELSEIF i = 212 AND MID$( flags, 11, 1 ) = "1" THEN
            MID$( flags, 11, 1 ) = "0"
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, 211 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
          ELSEIF i = 221 AND MID$( flags, 22, 1 ) = "1" THEN
            MID$( flags, 22, 1 ) = "0"
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, 222 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
          ELSEIF i = 222 AND MID$( flags, 21, 1 ) = "1" THEN
            MID$( flags, 21, 1 ) = "0"
            SendMessage GetDlgItem( hWnd, 221 ), %BM_SETCHECK, %BST_UNCHECKED, 0
          END IF
        END IF
      END IF
  
    END SELECT
  
  CASE %WM_DESTROY
    DeleteObject Palette( -1 )
    PostQuitMessage 0
  
  END SELECT
  
  FUNCTION = DefWindowProc( hWnd, wMsg, wParam, lParam )
  
END FUNCTION
  
' ----------------------------------------------- main function -------------------------
  
FUNCTION WINMAIN( BYVAL hCurInstance  AS LONG,       _
                  BYVAL hPrevInstance AS LONG,       _
                        lpszCmdLine   AS ASCIIZ PTR, _
                  BYVAL nCmdShow      AS LONG ) AS LONG
  
LOCAL Msg        AS tagMsg
LOCAL hWnd       AS LONG
LOCAL ascii      AS ASCIIZ * 64
LOCAL WndCl      AS WndClassEx
LOCAL MainWindow AS LONG
  
  ascii = "Palette Test"                                  ' creates main window class
  
  WndCl.cbSize        = SIZEOF( WndCl )
  WndCl.style         = 0
  WndCl.lpfnWndProc   = CODEPTR( CallbackFunction )
  WndCl.cbClsExtra    = 0
  WndCl.cbWndExtra    = 4
  WndCl.hInstance     = hCurInstance
  WndCl.hIcon         = LoadIcon( hCurInstance, BYVAL %IDI_APPLICATION )
  WndCl.hCursor       = LoadCursor( %null, BYVAL %IDC_ARROW )
  WndCl.hbrBackground = GetStockObject( %LTGRAY_BRUSH )
  WndCl.lpszMenuName  = %null
  WndCl.lpszClassName = VARPTR( ascii )
  WndCl.hIconSm       = %null
  RegisterClassEx WndCl
  
  ascii = "colors"                                        ' creates colors window class
  
  WndCl.lpfnWndProc   = CODEPTR( CallbackColors )
  WndCl.hbrBackground = GetStockObject( %NULL_BRUSH )
  WndCl.lpszClassName = VARPTR( ascii )
  RegisterClassEx WndCl
                                                          ' creates the main window
  MainWindow = CreateWindowEx(                               _
    0,                                                       _
    "Palette Test",                                          _
    "Palette Test",                                          _
    %WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW OR %WS_CLIPCHILDREN,                _
    %CW_USEDEFAULT, %CW_USEDEFAULT,                          _
    540, 330,                                                _
    %HWND_DESKTOP,                                           _
    BYVAL %null,                                             _
    BYVAL hCurInstance,                                      _
    BYVAL %null )
  
  ShowWindow MainWindow, %SW_SHOW
  
  WHILE GetMessage( Msg, %null, 0, 0 )                    ' messages loop
    TranslateMessage Msg
    DispatchMessage Msg
  WEND
  
  FUNCTION = 0
  
END FUNCTION

------------------

[This message has been edited by Aldo Cavini (edited September 16, 2001).]

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